This technical report builds on the 5GAA white paper “Road traffic operation in a digital age” and guides stakeholders on implementing various vehicle-to-everything (V2X) applications using cellular networks and information sharing structures between backend systems.

It presents an application-level reference blueprint architecture and introduces an “information sharing domain” to enable scalable digital data exchange among stakeholders such as vehicle manufacturers, service providers, and infrastructure operators. The report details how to implement V2X applications that enhance safety and mobility, with examples including traffic event and signal information sharing, emergency vehicle approaching alerts, automated valet parking, and vulnerable road user protection. It also explains different implementation options for these applications within vehicles, distinguishing between OEM-controlled, OEM-supported, and OEM-independent apps.

Additionally, it describes proven solutions and references initial deployments like C-Roads and Talking Traffic, highlighting their effectiveness in accelerating V2X service adoption. Ecosystem stakeholders are encouraged to use this document as a guide for deploying V2X services using cellular networks and information sharing, with the potential to address more demanding use cases through enhanced cellular network capabilities.

Read the full report here.

For more information, find the complementary technical report “Business Perspectives on Vehicle-to-
Network-to-Everything (V2N2X) Deployments.”

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A 5GAA online session on the V2N2X topic and reports took place on 18 June 2024. The recording of the online session can be accessed here. The slides of the presentation can be accessed here.

The paper was originally published in May 2024. The current downloadable version is the updated edition, released on 3 June 2025. 5GAA remains committed to keeping all its publications accurate and up to date.

The societal ambitions of zero fatalities and climate neutrality in road transportation, as well as future ambitions of automated driving require a new approach to the handling of road traffic information. The key stakeholders of the ecosystem, global automotive OEMs, service providers (SPs) and infrastructure owner-operators (IOOs), need new digital methods of operating and interworking.

This white paper proposes a transformative approach for automotive stakeholders, emphasizing scalable digital data exchange and a federated architecture to manage road traffic information efficiently. The architecture ensures bidirectional communication, delivering static, semi-static, and near real-time data for safe and efficient transportation. The paper concludes with recommendations for a National Roadway Digital Strategy, federated information-sharing structures, and aligned investments. Emphasising the integration of technologies and data-driven decision-making, it aligns with 5GAA’s mission to propel road traffic operations into the digital age.

Read or download the full white paper here.

The paper was originally published in January 2024. The current downloadable version is the updated edition, released on 3 June 2025. 5GAA remains committed to keeping all its publications accurate and up to date.

Note: To complement this white paper with further technical details and business considerations, 5GAA has developed two technical reports and one position paper:

• Technical Report “Vehicle to Network to Everything (V2N2X) Communications; Architecture, Solution Blueprint, and Use Case Implementation Examples”: This technical report describes for different ecosystem stakeholders how to realise various V2X applications and use cases (UCs), using cellular network communications in combination with information sharing structures between backend systems. It also clarifies the different implementation options of the V2X application in a vehicle and their related implications. In this report, readers can also find verified V2N2X solutions and references to initial operational deployments that realize the suggested application-level reference architecture, e.g., C-Roads, Talking Traffic, Mobilidata, etc. The document is available here.

• Technical Report “Business Perspectives on Vehicle-to-Network-to-Everything (V2N2X) Deployments”: This technical report describes the V2N2X market from a business standpoint, encompassing market dynamics, stakeholder analysis, and business models deployed in various exemplary instances. The document is available here.

• Position paper “V2N2X security, privacy, and data quality”: This position paper provides an overview of how security, privacy, and data quality are addressed for C-V2X using mobile network and backend communications, with highlights on the different characteristics and approaches in comparison with C-V2X direct communications. The document is available here.

A 5GAA online session on the V2N2X topic and reports took place on 18 June 2024. The recording of the online session can be accessed here. The slides of the presentation can be accessed here.

Detroit, October 26th, 2023 — The 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) welcomes you to an exciting display of cutting-edge innovation at the forefront of vehicle connectivity. The event, held at the Mcity Test Facility at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, featured a series of live demonstrations and a static showcase that underline the potential of C-V2X technology in making our roads safer and our journeys more secure.

Our live demonstrations are designed to present ready-to-deploy applications that rely on seamless communications, service interoperability, real-time safety enhancements, and driving assistance. These showcases will immerse you in real-life scenarios, both on-track and on open roads, highlighting the remarkable capabilities of Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) direct communications and mobile network communications. From real-time collision warnings to lane merge notifications, curve speed alerts on open roads, and Vulnerable Road User (VRU) protection in urban environments, our demonstrations underscore our unwavering commitment to making our roads safer and our journeys more secure.

“In the fast-paced world of vehicle connectivity, 5GAA is at the forefront, showcasing the immense potential of C-V2X technology”, said Maxime Flament, 5GAA CTO. “We are dedicated to making our roads safer and our journeys more secure. The live demonstrations and showcases in Detroit reflect our commitment to reducing road fatalities and creating a smoother, safer driving experience for all road users.” 

Highlights of the Event:

Day One Safety Benefits of C-V2X Direct

Organized by Qualcomm, Commsignia, and the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, this immersive experience will showcase vehicle connectivity first-hand. Equipped with an onboard unit (OBU), the vehicle will demonstrate several safety benefits of C-V2X (Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything) direct communication from day one leveraging Roadside Units (RSUs). As the vehicle navigates the road, the driver will receive various warning messages, including:

> Real-time alerts for forward collision and electronic emergency brake lights.

> Notifications to merge lanes when approaching a construction work zone.

> Curve speed warnings in open-road environments.

The technology is primarily focused on critical safety scenarios to reduce road fatalities. It serves as a testament to the possibility of achieving a smooth and secure driving experience for all road users.

Interoperability of VRU Protection Services via Network Connection

In recent years, members of the 5GAA have collaborated to research, examine, and test potential solutions aimed at improving the safety of Vulnerable Road Users (VRUs). Our collective efforts will demonstrate the compatibility of various VRU protection services through a live showcase. During this demonstration, organized by Anritsu, Bosch, Commsignia, Keysight, T-Mobile, LG, and Verizon, participants will have the opportunity to receive safety messages, such as alerts, which are transmitted to vehicles in advance to alert drivers about the presence of pedestrians nearby. These alerts are delivered efficiently via mobile network communication with minimal latency, thanks to innovative technologies like Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC). Furthermore, through a “digital twin” with advanced software modeling, participants can witness first-hand how network planning and performance can be estimated. Various network Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) will be closely monitored to ensure optimal performance for VRU safety applications.

Authentication as a Service (AaaS) – Static Showcase

At the core of Verizon and LG’s presentation lies AaaS, a dynamic platform built on industry standards. This platform plays a crucial role in managing the security lifecycle of V2X (Vehicle-to-Everything) communication by offering:

> Provisioning of new services and information.

> Operational functions, including activation, detection of misbehavior, safety-enhancement systems, and intelligent filtering.

> The capability to revoke access in the event of network security threats.

The presentation showcases a V2N2V (Vehicle-to-Network-to-Vehicle) scenario, where Basic Safety Messages are transmitted via the Verizon 5G network from the vehicle to the vRSU (Virtual Roadside Unit), integrated within Verizon’s Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) infrastructure. These messages are then routed back to the vehicle.

This system protects the confidentiality of your data meeting the end-to-end latency requirements.

Smart City and Connected Infrastructure using Uu-based Solution

Verizon and HAAS Alert are showcasing a display of ”connected safety” digital alerting examples.

While the network-connected demonstration vehicle navigates the track, it receives messages from the cloud, which are shown on the infotainment screen well in advance. This gives the driver a foresight window of 15-20 seconds before encountering any possible hazards.

Passengers will encounter the following scenarios:

> An approaching emergency vehicle

> An upcoming active School Zone

> An alert for a pedestrian crossing

We invite you to join us on this remarkable journey to experience the benefits of connected vehicles. Together, we have the potential to reduce road fatalities and create a smoother, safer driving experience for all.

About 5GAA

The 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) is a global, cross-industry organization of over 120 members, including leading global automakers, Tier-1 suppliers, mobile operators, semiconductor companies, and test equipment vendors. 5GAA members work together to develop end-to-end solutions for future mobility and transport services. 5GAA is committed to helping define and develop the next generation of connected mobility, automated vehicle, and intelligent transport solutions based on C-V2X. For more information, visit our website.

About the University of Michigan

The University of Michigan is one of the nation’s top public universities, and has been a leader in research, learning and teaching for more than 200 years. It is home to several research centers focused on mobility and transportation. Mcity is a public-private mobility research partnership led by U-M and operates the Mcity Test Facility, a purpose-built, real-world environment for testing advanced mobility vehicles and technologies. The U-M Transportation Research Institute is one of the largest research institutes at U-M and a partner of choice for industry leaders, foundations, and government agencies. The Center for Connected and Automated Transportation, based at UMTRI, is the U.S. Department of Transportation’s University Transportation Center for the Midwest region. 

Media Contact

Raluca Tarcea

Communications Manager

raluca.tarcea@5gaa.org

Detroit, October 23 – A coalition of industry leaders, including the 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) and Crash Avoidance Metrics Partners (CAMP LLC), has released a comprehensive guidance aimed at infrastructure owners and operators for the deployment of Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) technology, specifically focused on C-V2X direct communication at 5.9 GHz in the United States (US). 

The guidance, developed by 5GAA, benefitted from essential input from ITS ecosystem stakeholders and partners, including the Utah Department of Transportation, National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), OmniAir, the Intelligent Transportation Society of America (ITS America), and researchers from the University of Michigan.

The document is a valuable reference for “Day One” C-V2X deployment by gathering established requirements and new considerations, and it provides compatible guidance for several Day 1s, ranging from road infrastructure owner-operators seeking early deployment based on waivers, through Day 1 where automakers deploy. The primary target audience includes road Infrastructure Owners and Operators (IOOs), who are pivotal in taking up C-V2X technology for transportation safety and efficiency. 

The 5GAA guidance report focuses on C-V2X direct communications and streamlines this complex field into commonly understood profiles, simplifying deployment timelines, and ensuring effective communication between vehicles and infrastructure.  

It also provides findings from various guidelines, standards, and deployment projects to offer a straightforward guide for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) connectivity required for Day One Connected Vehicle (CV) applications. In addition, it includes guidance and a profile on the messages that can be sent.  

The complementary nature of both modes of communication (C-V2X and V2N) can deliver a richer experience for end-to-end use cases by leveraging both local short-range and cloud-based long-range connectivity. 

Key highlights of the report include: 

• Clarifying expectations for a swift V2X roadside unit deployment, providing concise and accessible materials for all participants in safe traffic communications. 

• Identifying a limited but crucial set of messages, interoperability needs, and performance requirements to expedite deployments, ensuring an orderly and safety-critical message set. 
• Providing SAE J3161 communication profiles and parameters, creating a standard set of rules for optimal channel access and message usage. 

The report aims to establish V2X communications that support interoperability and data integrity, delivering the necessary performance for various Day One applications. It also offers insights into potential Day Two messages, preparing the V2X community for the next deployment stage. 

Find the complete report here.

About 5GAA

The 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) is a global, cross-industry organization of over 120 members, including leading global automakers, Tier-1 suppliers, mobile operators, semiconductor companies, and test equipment vendors. 5GAA members work together to develop end-to-end solutions for future mobility and transport services. 5GAA is committed to helping define and develop the next generation of connected mobility, automated vehicle, and intelligent transport solutions based on C-V2X. For more information, visit our website.

Media Contact

5GAA Communications Team: marcom@5gaa.org

The newly announced programme will provide trusted foundation for C-V2X applications globally.

The 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) and the Global Certification Forum (GCF) have agreed on a new programme that will support the drive for interoperability, reliability, and safety of emerging cellular vehicle-to-everything (C-V2X) systems.

C-V2X – which allows direct wireless communication between vehicles, and between vehicles and the infrastructures on the roadways – is an essential enabler for a safer and more efficient intelligent transportation system. It therefore requires a certification process to ensure compliance with global standards and to provide reliability to manufacturers and users alike.

The newly established programme will enable manufacturers to certify their C-V2X capable products – including onboard units (OBU) and roadside units (RSU) – for C-V2X PC5 Mode 4 functionality.

Many actors of the C-V2X ecosystem will be able to benefit from the new programme. Tier 1 manufacturers of OBUs and RSUs can ensure their products are interoperable with each other in terms of V2V functionality; vehicle manufacturers can rely on intelligent connectivity within automobiles; and insurance companies will have the opportunity to monitor for safe driving practices. Municipal traffic authorities will also be able to trust in the potential of products to operate over their infrastructure, maintaining traffic flows, and all road users – including cyclists and pedestrians, as well as drivers – can look forward to the safer roads promised by intelligent mobility.

GCF’s certification scheme has been evolving since 1999 in alignment with developments in the wireless communication industry. This result stems from the collaboration 5GAA and GFC have reinforced since 2019, to investigate the principles and framework for a certification programme – designed specifically for C-V2X technologies.

This represents the first part of a multiphase certification programme that will evolve from radio layer certification of PC5 Mode 4 (V2V and V2I) to LTE and 5G-NR based V2X-Uu (V2N) using the 4G and 5G cellular network for communications, taking advantage of the increased functionality and performance that 5G brings.

For more information and to register your interest in the new GCF C-V2X certification programme, click here.

Read the press release here.

In light of on-going discussions on a legal framework for the European C-ITS deployment, a minimum set of specifications and configurations is needed for existing ITS standards ensuring the interoperability of C-ITS service among ITS stations using different communication technologies and systems, e.g. short-range and long-range radio communications.

While C-V2X standards are already finalised for 3GPP Rel. 14 and 5GAA published White Paper on C-V2X Use Cases: Methodology, Examples and Service Level Requirements, there are still many options on how to configure and establish parameters for C-V2X systems. In order to provide a common standard interpretation, corresponding system profiles are needed, which outline the basic system settings and environments

In Europe, Basic System Profiles (BSPs) have been developed by the Car-2-Car Communication Consortium (C2C-CC) and the EU-funded C-ROADS Platform project, assuming ITS-G5 with IEEE 802.11p as radio access technology for V2V and V2I communication. Though many aspects of the existing BSPs could be reused, there are some modifications needed for C-V2X. In addition, there would be extensions required in order to accommodate alternative communication links like V2P, V2N, and V2C.

5G Automotive Association makes publicly available the following  C-ITS Communication System Profiles:

• Technical Specification C-ITS Communication System Profile Using Cellular Uu Interface
• Initial C-V2X System Profile (ICSP) – Amendments to C2C-CC Basic System Profile
• Initial C-V2X System Profile (ICSP) – Amendments to C-ROADS Roadside System Profile

On 14 November 2019, the 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) showcased ready-to-deploy use-cases in the streets of Turin, Italy during a live demo event. A sneak preview of what the future has in store took place on the renowned Lingotto rooftop test track.

Prominent members and partners of the 5GAA including Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Audi, Continental, Ericsson, Harman Samsung, Marelli, Pirelli, Qualcomm, TIM and Vodafone demonstrated the current state of C-V2X and the road to future, Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), and Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) applications based on 4G LTE and 5G.

On 14 November 2019, the 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) showcased ready-to-deploy use-cases in the streets of Turin, Italy during a live demo event. A sneak preview of what the future has in store took place on the renowned Lingotto rooftop test track.

Prominent members and partners of the 5GAA including Fiat Chrysler Automobiles, Audi, Continental, Ericsson, Harman Samsung, Marelli, Pirelli, Qualcomm, TIM and Vodafone demonstrated the current state of C-V2X and the road to future, Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I), and Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) applications based on 4G LTE and 5G.

On 23 May 2019, the 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) took a deep dive into smarter and safer mobility organising live C-V2X demonstrations in Berlin, Germany.

Prominent 5GAA participating members including BMW Group, Daimler, Deutsche Telekom, Fraunhofer Institutes FOKUS and ESK, Ford, Huawei, Jaguar Land Rover, Nokia, Qualcomm and Vodafone, demonstrated C-V2X Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) applications.

Click here to read the full press release.

On 23 May 2019, the 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) took a deep dive into smarter and safer mobility organising live C-V2X demonstrations in Berlin, Germany.

Prominent 5GAA participating members including BMW Group, Daimler, Deutsche Telekom, Fraunhofer Institutes FOKUS and ESK, Ford, Huawei, Jaguar Land Rover, Nokia, Qualcomm and Vodafone, demonstrated C-V2X Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) and Vehicle-to-Network (V2N) applications.

Click here to read the full press release.