A Visionary Roadmap for Advanced Driving Use Cases, Connectivity Technologies, and Radio Spectrum Needs
The article below and the linked document refer to an older version of the 5GAA roadmap, whose most updated version you can find here.
With this white paper, the 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) presents the results of its studies relating to the evolution of automotive connectivity for the purposes of enhanced road safety, improved traffic efficiency, greener environmental impact, and more comfortable driving.
5GAA has identified the most promising advanced driving use cases such as Cooperative Manoeuvres and Sensor Sharing, in conjunction with the adoption of Cellular Vehicle-To-Everything (C-V2X) standards as well as availability of required technologies and devices, i.e. on-board units (OBUs), road-side units (RSUs), and smartphones, integrating the latest chipsets and modules. The market trajectory of the identified use cases is described along with the expected timeline for their mass market deployment.
The white paper finally highlights the spectrum needs for basic and advanced driving use cases. For direct communication, this corresponds to between 10 and 20 MHz at 5.9 GHz for basic safety, and an additional 40 MHz or more at 5.9 GHz for advanced driving.
C-V2X Readiness
Millions of vehicles are already connected via cellular networks, thus exchanging valuable data on road safety and traffic efficiency,
This is the result of decades of research and innovation on Intelligent Transport Systems
C-V2X is proven, trusted and ready to hit the road!
Watch the video below to discover more about C-V2X technology.
Vulnerable Road User Protection
Road safety is a crucial aspect of mobility both for individuals as well as for policymakers. Road fatalities, in the European Union (EU), for example, have decreased by approximately half between 2001 and 2018 from 54,000 to 25,100 per year. However, in recent years, the number of fatalities has been on a stable level, and additional efforts are needed to further reduce the number of deaths and severe injuries.
5GAA has made VRU protection a priority area and this White Paper therefore aims at shedding light on the safety benefit that selected V2X use cases offer, which can have a significant impact on the protection of the most vulnerable traffic participants. Ultimately, this also has a positive impact on health-sector costs incurred, by reducing the number of people suffering serious injuries with life-changing consequences.
V2X Application Layer Reference Architecture
This document describes an Application Layer Reference Architecture for the operational part of the automotive ecosystem, both from a functional view and from several deployment views.
The Application Layer Reference Architecture may be used to describe various deployments, from small proof-of-concept deployments with just a few functions, to large scale deployments with all functions in the automotive ecosystem. In addition, the Reference Architecture facilitates identification of application layer protocols and an understanding of the need for new standardisation.
This document addresses the 5GAA WG2 work item ‘V2X Application Layer Reference Architecture (V2XSRA)’.
5GS Enhancements for Providing Predictive QoS in C-V2X
The NESQO Work Item (WI) kicked off in February 2018 with input from car makers, in order to address key automotive requirements on a selected set of identified use cases. The main objective of the study was to provide Predictive QoS for C-V2X in 5G, utilising technologies including End-to-End Network Slicing, Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC), an evolved QoS framework and Machine Learning.
Upon conclusion of the NESQO WI, the need for a follow-up WI was put forward; some of the topics already identified in the original WID were not fully covered in the NESQO TR and needed further study. Additionally, new requirements had been identified, that were relevant to the agreed scope but not included in NESQO.
This document addresses the 5GAA WG2 Work Item ‘Enhanced End-to-End Network Slicing and Predictive QoS’.
5GAA Efficient Security Provisioning System
Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication is at our doorsteps. It is a key part of the future of connected vehicles and autonomous driving as it enables infrastructure, pedestrians and vehicles to interact, thus taking the transportation ecosystem to the next level. Security plays an important role in building trust in V2X, protecting users’ privacy, and enabling safety, efficiency and comfort.
Efforts to reinforce trust in this ecosystem are driving global initiatives to develop, standardise and implement Security Credential Management Systems (SCMS). As a consequence, different stakeholders have put forward their requirements leading to differing, non-interoperable regional designs. The 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) has evaluated existing system designs and their regulatory requirements, as well as identified some new ‘advanced’ features. The resulting recommendations for improved design fulfilling these security and privacy requirements in a large-scale system are outlined in this white paper.
With the objective to integrate new technical opportunities in the automotive world, as afforded by widespread cellular connectivity, and to identify potential design simplifications, an analysis and evaluation of existing system designs has been completed over the last year. These existing designs are region-specific and not fully interoperable due to differing security and privacy requirements. Some ecosystem stakeholders within 5GAA challenged this status quo on several levels and evaluated these regional V2X security approaches.
The paper summarises the design simplifications, discusses their rationale and impact, and proposes an updated design for large-scale deployment and cross-regional interoperability called the ‘Efficient Security Provisioning System’ (ESPS). The paper outlines potential simplifications to the existing V2X credential management systems.
5GAA to organise its first remote C-V2X Plugtests™ event with ETSI, 20-31 July
The 5G Automotive Association (5GAA) is proud to be again a partner of the European Telecommunications Standard Institute (ETSI) in the second C-V2X-only Plugtests™ event, to take place remotely from 20 to 31 July 2020. This interoperability test will be held with the support of the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
Building on the extremely positive results of the interoperability events of 2019 in Klettwitz and Malaga, this second edition of the C-V2X Plugtests™ will focus on testing ITS Security features (EU ITS Security Policy and EU ITS Certificate Policy) in order to support the C-V2X ecosystem in the C-ITS deployment according to the highest security standards, crucial for the creation of a single European trust domain. The interoperability test specification for ITS security ETSI TS 103 600 v1.1.1 will represent the basis of the test plan for the testing event.
Registrations are open until 12 June. For any further information, please consult the official event page.
Predictive QoS – using 5G network data analytics to enable proactive C-V2X adaptation
On 26 March, 5GAA held its first public webinar on Predictive QoS – using 5G network data analytics to enable proactive C-V2X adaptation, with Ali Hamidian, Research & Development Manager at Huawei Sweden.
Click here to download the webinar recording or watch it online below.
Click here to read the White Paper Making 5G Proactive and Predictive for the Automotive Industry.
Recommended LTE-V2X Related Amendments to ETSI ITS Test Specifications
Many specifications and standards previously defined by ETSI TC ITS include details and dependencies based on an assumption of using ITS-G5 (which is based on 802.11) as the underlying access layer technology.
Relevant protocol specifications and standards within ETSI TC ITS have been enabled in support of LTE-V2X as the underlying access layer technology.
As the amended protocol specifications and standards are finalised and approved, the corresponding test specifications must also be amended as needed.
This Technical Report documents the 5GAA recommended amendments to ETSI ITS test specifications.
5GAA publishes C-ITS Communication System Profiles
In light of on-going discussions on a legal framework for the European C-ITS deployment, a minimum set of specifications and configurations is needed for existing ITS standards ensuring the interoperability of C-ITS service among ITS stations using different communication technologies and systems, e.g. short-range and long-range radio communications.
While C-V2X standards are already finalised for 3GPP Rel. 14 and 5GAA published White Paper on C-V2X Use Cases: Methodology, Examples and Service Level Requirements, there are still many options on how to configure and establish parameters for C-V2X systems. In order to provide a common standard interpretation, corresponding system profiles are needed, which outline the basic system settings and environments
In Europe, Basic System Profiles (BSPs) have been developed by the Car-2-Car Communication Consortium (C2C-CC) and the EU-funded C-ROADS Platform project, assuming ITS-G5 with IEEE 802.11p as radio access technology for V2V and V2I communication. Though many aspects of the existing BSPs could be reused, there are some modifications needed for C-V2X. In addition, there would be extensions required in order to accommodate alternative communication links like V2P, V2N, and V2C.
5G Automotive Association makes publicly available the following C-ITS Communication System Profiles:
